What timeframe is associated with H. neanderthalensis?

The timeframe associated with H. neanderthalensis, commonly known as Neanderthals, is indeed around 130,000 to 24,000 years ago. This period marks their existence and is supported by extensive archaeological and fossil evidence. Neanderthals inhabited various regions across Europe and parts of Asia, and they coexisted with early modern humans for several thousand years before their decline.

During this timeframe, Neanderthals displayed a range of complex behaviors, including tool-making, burial practices, and the use of fire, which suggests they had a social structure and a certain level of cognitive ability. Their presence is crucial for understanding human evolution, particularly regarding adaptations to cold environments and interactions with contemporary Homo sapiens.

The other timeframes listed do not accurately correspond to the established timeline of Neanderthal existence, making option B the correct association for H. neanderthalensis.