What does biological anthropology primarily study?

Biological anthropology primarily focuses on the evolutionary aspects of human beings, examining how humans have adapted physically and behaviorally throughout evolutionary history. This branch of anthropology investigates the biological and physiological development of humans, including our genetic makeup, the influence of evolution on human variation, and the interactions between humans and their environment over time. This area of study encompasses topics such as human evolution, primatology, human adaptability, and the biological aspects of health and disease, providing insights into our species' past and present from a biological perspective.

The other options touch on different fields of anthropology or related disciplines. The study of culture and society is typically the realm of cultural anthropology, while analyzing artifacts and material remains pertains to archaeology. Linguistic anthropology explores the structure of language and its effects on culture, providing a distinct focus that does not directly address the biological aspects central to biological anthropology.