True or False: All Neanderthal physical traits are adaptations to hotter climates.

The assertion that all Neanderthal physical traits are adaptations to hotter climates is false because Neanderthals exhibit a range of physical traits that are adaptations to cold environments rather than warm ones. Neanderthals are known for their robust physiques, including wide bodies and short limbs, which are characteristic of populations adapted to cold climates. These traits help in conserving heat, making them well-suited for the colder environments of Europe and parts of Asia during the Pleistocene epoch.

While it is recognized that populations can have various adaptations based on their environments, the physical characteristics observed in Neanderthals are largely indicative of adaptation to cold rather than hot climates. Thus, the correct answer reflects an understanding of the environmental context in which Neanderthals thrived, reinforcing the idea that their physical attributes were responses to colder temperatures rather than adaptations to heat.